Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computer

Advantages of computers: Increases speed of computing and processing information in any other way. People can use sophisticated statistical and mathematical tools for decision making and further purposes without learning in details the algorithms used for computing. This way people can use much more sophisticated analytical tools that would have been possible with only manual information processing. Computers can store large volumes of information without occupying too much space, as is in the case of information stored in form of books and paper documents.Computer processing eliminates the human errors of computing and information processing. Information once entered in computer system can be easily accessed by the same person or other persons at different times for different persons. This reduces the work load of capturing same information multiple times for different purposes. It also makes it possible for different person to work with same information, avoiding the possibility of different persons using different versions of the same information.The work of entering and editing information is made mush more easy and simple by software that offer many powerful user friendly features for performing these tasks. Computer now offer sophisticated and powerful software for representing information in rich formats with visual and video facilities. Computers combined with communication technology offer very fast speed and rich communication facility at low cost. Computers, with all these features are now used for automating all kinds of equipments and processes. Disadvantage of Computers The cost of computer and associated equipments is falling steadily.Still these equipments are and continue to be much more costly as compared to manual processing equipments like pen and pencil. Also technological complexity of these equipment makes it more difficult to learn and maintain these equipments as compared to equipments of manual information processing. Use of computers require additional infrastructure, such as power supply and software back up. This increases the chances of problems due to failure of infrastructure. For example, a computer will not work where there is no electric power supply. Even a laptop with a battery will work without power supply only for a limited period.Failures of computer system can be more serious and difficult to correct. For example, one scratch on a hard disk can make the complete data on the disk inaccessible. In comparison, manual system faults have comparatively limited impact. One page torn from a cabinet full of documents has no impact on other documents. Computers generally reduces the errors of processing. However if there is an error in input data, it can result in major blunders in the processing which the computer system is unable to detect. In manual systems the chances of such blunders passing undetected and corrected is much less.

Othello’s Role in the Murder of Desdemona

Othello played the most important role in the murder of Desdemona due to his flaws in his character. His personality flaws ultimately lead him to killing his wife, making it an important factor in the play. Two of his most vivid flaws include his jealousy and his reason versus passion. Iago may have set up the death of Desdemona, but Othello has the most important role of her death due his flaws acting upon him and making himself kill his wife. His inability to comprehend his reason verses passion is mainly represented in Act 3 scene 3.While his dramatic jealousy can be seen in Act 4 scene 1. All of which lead to his eventual downfall and the death of Desdemona. Othello’s reason versus passion is undeniably a contributing factor that leads to Desdemona’s death. Othello cannot comprehend his reason versus passion and this ultimately leads to the tragedy and destruction in the play. Iago ignites the chaos in the play but without Othello the play would not have ended in th is dramatic fashion and the Death of Desdemona would not have occurred. Act 3 scene 3 is a turning point in the play between his reason and passion.Interestingly enough Othello says â€Å"But I do love thee, and when I love thee not, / Chaos is come again† in Act 3 scene 3. This foreshadows the Chaos of Othello not loving Desdemona later in the play. It represents himself understanding his own reason verses passion as he knows that if he stops loving Desdemona then his passion will overwhelm his reason, thus causing chaos. Also in this scene Othello says, â€Å"For she has eyes and chose me. † This represents his reason, which doesn’t last long and his reasoning fades as the play goes on.Again in the same act Othello says â€Å"Arise, black vengeance, from thy hollow hell! † A metaphor is used to represent Othello calling his own vengeance to come from him self. In saying this, Othello is now full of anger and vengeance that is brought on upon by his pass ion and he now has no reason left in his conscience. â€Å"Damn her, lewd minx! O, damn her, damn her! † is said by Othello later in the scene. Once again Othello’s passion is engulfing his reason and he is coming to dramatic conclusions.The repetition of ‘damn her’, and naming her ‘lewd minx’ emphasises his passionate hate for her. Act 3 scene 3 is a perfect example of him having self conflict between his reason vs. passion, where his passion takes control of his reasoning. Thus, this flaw of his inability to have balanced reason and passion is a major contributor to Desdemona’s death. Jealousy is yet another important theme throughout the play of Othello, and it has consumed the mind of Othello, ultimately leading him to killing Desdemona.Evident in Act 4 scene 1, Iago easily manipulates Othello with profound jealousy and it overwhelms him throughout. Iago says ‘Or to be naked with her in bed / An hour of more, not meaning any h arm? ’ This imagery is not only placed in the minds of the audience, but set into Othello’s mind. Othello replies ‘Naked in bed, Iago, and not mean harm? ’ Othello obviously shows jealous nature by asking this rhetorical question, where he thinks that anyone in bed naked with his wife means harm.Othello is also Jealous of Cassio and it is evident in the line ‘Look how he laughs already! ’ said by Othello. Othello is jealous, as he cannot bare Cassio in being happy, thus he points out the obvious of Cassio laughing. Immediately after Cassio exists in this scene Othello says ‘How shall I murder him, Iago? ’ His jealousy has consumed his mind and now he is resorting to killing Cassio. The high modality ‘How’ emphasises his hate towards him because he is pondering the different ways he can kill Iago, also creating imagery for the audience.Later in the scene before Othello slaps Desdemona he yells ‘Devil’. Thi s is a metaphor as the devil has consumed his mind into a phase of dramatic jealousy, where the Devil inside of him has resulted to killing Desdemona. Jealousy consumes the mind of Othello, and is it is emphasised in the play, it is a catalyst for the killing of Desdemona. In the play Othello there are many people who play a role in the death of Desdemona. Iago may be an important role as he persuades Othello into an erratic thunderous state, as well as persuading him to kill Desdemona.Although, Iago could have attempted to persuade anyone else into killing someone, but with out flaws like Othello had, it would not be possible. Therefor Othello had the most important role in the death of Desdemona through his flaws of Jealousy and Reason versus Passion. We can get an understanding that jealousy has consumed the mind of Othello. Even though Iago ignites this flaw, without Othello having this flaw Iago would not be able to manipulate him into killing Desdemona, thus making Othello the most important role towards her death.

Look closely at how Lennie and George speak and behave here. What does it reveal about their relationship? Essay

George and Lennies relationship in my opinion is one like a father has with a son, George is always there for lennie, he cares for him and wants the best for him, and in his own way, Lennie feels the same and acts the same. The extract given, located at the start of the book in chapter one, is one that introduces George and Lennies dream to the reader as well as establishing to the reader the closeness of their relationship, without this part in the book, we would not understand how the two men are like father and son, or how they really do care for each other, and that is why this text is so significant to the text as a whole. This extract is about Lennie trying to get George to tell him the story about them in the future (their dream), and despite not wanting to at first, Lennie is clearly used to getting his own way and acts like a child in order to get so. George at the end of the extract however, shows his authority and is very firm when there has been enough, Steinbeck makes it obvious that the two have known each other for a long time as Lennie speaks ‘craftily’ and ‘pleaded’ in order to get his own way from George. Lennie has learnt during their time together how to make George give in. This is like a father son relationship because the child often knows how to treat their parents in order to get their own way, whether with a flutter of the eyelashes or a really nice hug, children know how to get their own way, and this is the case with Lennie. Another reason it is like a father son relationship is because George is giving Lennie Hope when he says ‘we got a future’, It is a parents job to give their child something to look forward to in a hard time and as it was the great depression when the novel is set, George does this excellently with the dream of the ranch. It gives Lennie something to dream about. It is also like a father son relationship, because it becomes clear from Steinbeck’s style of writing that George has told the story of the ranch and rabbits to Lennie so many times: â€Å"He repeated his words rhymetically† This shows that George has told the story enough times to Lennie that he knows it off by heart and Lennie, a forgetful character knows it also. This shows that George is once again like a father figure to lennie, telling him bedtime stories. Fathers and Sons know they have each other to look after them and this is what Lennie and George are also both aware of: â€Å"Because I got you to look after me† This shows that they are both aware of the close relationship they have and how they are both aware of how the other one appreciates them as much as they appreciate them. This is a nice part of the novel and it leaves the reader with a sense that not everything is bad. One of the themes of the book is loniness but this part here shows that it is not George or Lennie that experience this, or at least at the beginning. And finally, George makes it clear to the reader that he is the authoritive person in the relationship as he makes it clear when he â€Å"ain’t got time for no more†, he is the one that is in charge and Lennie seems to appreciate that. The fact that George is the authoritve figure is a good way to explain why he seems so tense and agitated in this extract: â€Å"you getta kick outta that†, because he feels like he is in charge of lennie, and doesn’t want him to do anything wrong or get into trouble, knda like when a parent takes their child shopping. It is clear form reading the extract that lennie is the child and George is the father figure, but they both appreciate and enjoy each others company. 6c) How does Steinbeck present the theme of loneliness in Of Mice and Men? Loneliness is one of the main themes of mice and men and that becomes apparent from early on in the novel. Almost all of Steinbeck’s characters experience loneliness at some part in the play, although some like Curley’s Wife, Crooks and Candy experience it more than others. Steinbeck makes it very clear at the beginging that the novel is going to be based on loneliness as the novel is set in a place cale ‘Soledad’ which means loneliness in Spanish, it is these small details that in my opinion makes Of Mice and Men, such a clever and valiable read. Curley’s wife is a character that it becomes more evident throughout the book is suffering from loneliness. She has married a man she hardly knew before and now is the only lady on the ranch, people are afraid to talk to her because they don’t want to get into trouble with Curley, the short tempered bosses son. Curley’s wife is seen as a tart by the ranch men, and are a main cause of her loniness. She often goes around asking for Curley and the men are very blunt and untalkative towards her. She tells Lennie of her loneliness: â€Å"I get awfully lonely†, This shows that she knows she is lonely and addimits she â€Å"just wants someone to talk to†, Steinback uses Curley’s wife as a character that experiences Lonliness that is very obvious to the reader as she admits it herself. Crooks is another character that experiences Lonliness and in my opinion, it is crooks that experiences Lonliness the most. Crooks is a Stable buck and is black, which in 1930’s America meant there was segregation. He lives on his own in the stables and is not allowed to join in with the other men. He is just expected to enjoy his own company and so he just reads books, which makes him a very knowledgeable character. Crooks character is not very signifivant in the play, but he has a whole chapter devoted to him nevertheless, he makes it clear when Lennie stumbles across his room that the life he is experiencing is one that is not right. Crooks describes his loneliness briefly, â€Å"if I see something, I aint go no one to tell me it aint real†, Steinbeck has used something so simple to show just how lonly crooks is. He literally has no one! Annother character that experiences loneliness is Candy. His ancient dog is shot for being smelly and ‘no good’, yet it was this dog that had kept candy from being lonly for all these years. When Steinbeck describes the dog being walked out of the bunck house by Carlson, Candy immediately goes into his own world of regret and lonlieness. No one understands why Candy is so upset because no one has experienced having someone. Also when candy is trying to stop Carlson from convincing him to shot the dog, none of the other ranch ahnds stick up for Cnady, instead they all keep quiet and don’t get involved. This shows that in of Mice and men, it is every man for himself and that is another example of loneliness. When George goes down town with the other ranch hands, it is Lennie that experiences Lonliness. He has always had George to keep him company, but when crooks asks â€Å"what would you do if George did’nt come back†, Lennie takes it literally and experiences loneliness for what could be lennies first time. Lennie immediately gets violent and this shows the reader how much lennie really needs George. And finally, George. George is in my opinion the only main character that we don’t get a sign experiences loneliness. Throughout the play he has Lennie to keep him company and soon builds up a friendship with both Candy and Slim, so that as soon as Lennie runs off he has these to then keep in company in the hard time. Steinback was very clever at presenting the theme of loneliness. Almost every character experiences it, yet it is not something that you notice overly when reading the book. Steinback managed to show diffenent levels of loneliness from Crooks who has no one, to Lennie who always has George looking after him, even to the last page in the book! Without the theme of loneliness in Of Mice and Men, the novel would not be the same. It is this loneliness that drives curley’s wife to talk to lennie before he kills her , and that causes George to understand he needs to kill lennie himself. The theme of lonlineness was also a theme of the workers during the great depression in America during the 1930’s. As migrant workers travelled from ranch to ranch to find jobs, never staying at one place long and travelling on their own, meant loneliness was experienced greatly, so Steinbeck managed to make his novel even more realistic by doing this.

Open Source Software Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Open Source Software - Research Paper Example A group of people suggested the replacement of the term free software with the term open source software (OSS) in the year 1998 because the latter was more convenient and less vague for the corporate world as compared to the former. The benefit of publishing a software with the license of an open source software is that it allows everybody to understand the way the software functions and in turn, develop a similar software. The open source software offers much more flexibility as compared to other kinds of software in that the users can modify the open source software, port the software to the processor architects, advertise the software, market it, and share it with other users. The Open Source Initiative publishes a document titled â€Å"The Open Source Definition† which defines the criteria for the labeling of a software license as the open source, so that the software may acquire the certification mark of open source. There is an open source philosophy ingrained in the ope n source definition. It defines several aspects of the open source software that include but are not limited to the terms of usage, terms of modification, as well as the principles of redistribution of the software. Numerous licenses of open source software are included in the Open Source Definition. An example of these licenses is the GNU General Public License (GPL) that grants the users the right to distribute the software freely provided that any modifications and developments are included in the same license.  ... â€Å"The license may restrict source-code from being distributed in modified form only if the license allows the distribution of "patch files" with the source code for the purpose of modifying the program at build time† (opensource.org, n.d.). With the open source distribution, a product’s source code becomes accessible to the public whereas such access can be fine tuned by the authors using the open source licenses. Classification of OSS The OSS can be broadly classified into three main types namely Vendor OSS, Community OSS, and Hybrid OSS. Vendor OSS The Vendor OSS is also known as Community based OSS. This is a type of OSS that is mainly made and produced by a company. In a vast majority of cases, the vendor of this software develops a product’s version that exists in a community edition and can be downloaded free of cost. There is no support with the community edition and its functionality is lesser than that of the commercial version, that is also known as the Enterprise version or the Professional version. The examples of Vendor OSS include but are not limited to Jaspersoft, BonitaSoft, SugarCRM, Inforbright, and Talend. â€Å"Talend's data integration solutions provide a powerful set of tools to meet any integration requirement, from basic transformations to the most complex operational integration issues, data migration & capture, as well as data replication, synchronization and application upgrades† (Talend, 2012). Community Based OSS As the name implies, there is a community of people that develops and manages the Community Based OSS. In most of the cases, the software is developed by a group of people in the community, that can be joined by anyone. The examples of this type of software include Netscape, GNU Compiler Collection, and

Save the Children ( NGO) Changes the Lives of Children Essay

Save the Children ( NGO) Changes the Lives of Children - Essay Example Asia comprises more than 70 percent of the undernourished children, Africa has 26 percent, while Latin America and the Caribbean has 4 percent. It was reported that malnourishment starts even before birth when the pregnant mother herself is malnourished. Thus, one to six infants in developing countries are born undernourished with low birth weight. As a result, infants either die at birth, affected by disabilities in learning, mentally retarded or blind. The UNICEF report indicated that around 22,000 children die annually as a result of poverty. Around 120 to 125 million children around the world (or one in every five children) have not been enrolled in the primary school level. Africa has 24 million females at school age who do not go to primary school, while boys exceed them by 5 percent in 22 African states. Children belong to a disadvantaged group and are vulnerable socially and physically. And if they were orphaned or abandoned by their parents, they would be helpless on their own to survive, remain healthy and become educated. Concerns and Problems Involving Children Numerous civil society groups, non-government organisations (NGOs) or people’s organisations (POs) are helping the children whose social, educational and physical needs are not met. They advocate one or more rights or assistance for children so that the latter can thrive in their respective localities as human beings, and not deprived of their basic rights and needs.

South Asian Sufism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

South Asian Sufism - Research Paper Example This diversity has to a certain extent been created by the subcontinent?s numerous linguistic and cultural customs and its unique networks beyond the region. In terms of Islamic roots, Sufism has, in a way, played a key role in the spread of Islamic devotional and spiritual life in South Asia. At some stage in the eighth and ninth centuries A.D., a novel prominence began to grow within Islam. This prominence was a constructive response against the established uncongenial and ceremonial nature of Islam. The quest for deeper meaning started with a pietistic simplicity, which in turn led to the advance of the well-acknowledged mystical side of Islam - known as Tasawwuf or Sufism. Sufism is in essence a spiritual form of Islam focusing on the connection between the individual and divinity. The Sufis surfaced in South Asia around 800 years ago, and were initially stanch devotees, whose meager woolen attire signified their humility, hence the word â€Å"Sufi† that denotes Arabic wor d for wool. The Sufis sought the mysticism, divine realism or eventual truth that stands over all the fantasies and deceptions about the materialistic society. In order to attain ecstatic unification with God, Sufis integrated practices of sound and actions -- chanting and harmony, swaying and dance. Sufi followers joined in closed brotherhoods or tariqahs, each following a captivating leader (shaykh). They offered an Islam that fused South Asian customs and worship styles, including Christian saints and Hindu gods. Sufism highlights the importance of â€Å"Real†, as distinctive from a faint acceptance of what is considered to be real in everyday existence, by authentic comprehension of the self and the 'veils' which separate it from any understanding of the truth. (ELWELL-SUTTON). This also implies a quest for real existence. It also emphasized empathy from one soul to another, in spite of all other differences. The Sufi trend drew attraction throughout South Asia (as well a s Eurasia and Eastern Europe) can be recapitulated in Rafiq Zakaria?s book as: â€Å"Though unconcerned with affairs of state, the sufis had a profound influence on the Muslim polity. They humanized its rigours and reduced the area of conflict between religion and politics. They gave Islam a broader base. Non-Muslims flocked to sufi hospices in large numbers and in due course hundreds of thousands came into the fold of Islam. . . .† (Zakaria) Sufism: Spirituality or Libertarianism? Despite the fact that Sufism has been majorly identified as the spiritual and mystic extension of Islam, parts of literary research argues about the existence of Sufism as a political entity. For example, the way Sufis' tombs surfaced and grew as places of pilgrimage indicate that the ‘missionary’ agenda of the Islamic mystics was devised primarily for conversion and the establishment of Perso-Arabian cultural control in South Asia (R.Upadhyay). Despite of the cultural relevance of Suf ism, over the period of time, differences have also arisen from divergence of interests among Muslims over what should be the right standard for cultural and political life. As Sufism endorsed various forms of cultural articulation, it did not extend unilaterally as a response to orthodoxy and legalistic rigorism but from time to time it harmonized and engaged in these developments. In the same way, hostility between shari‘a (law) and tariqa (Sufi path) in Islam is an open topic of debate, although Sufi researchers emphasize that

Management Organization Learning and Knowledge Essay

Management Organization Learning and Knowledge - Essay Example Services provided at this call centre have direct impact on business and customer satisfaction. In order to provide good service, a variety of skills such as call handling skills, communication, learning abilities, positive attitude, leadership, motivational skills, feedback etc are required at various levels. Learning and knowledge sharing are extremely significant in such businesses where customer demands keep changing and new products are continuously launched not only to meet customer needs but also to sustain competitiveness in the market, and attract more users as well as retain existing customers. Moreover, organisational structure is a team-based structure with each team leader responsible for a team of 10-15 executives. Review of literature: Peter Drucker was the first management pioneer to emphasize knowledge management and knowledge working as the 21st century challenge (2003). Newell et al. (2004) describe knowledge workers as those individuals with good competencies, ski lls and decision-making and problem-solving abilities. Their contributions help in effective knowledge management through their contribution in day-to-day activities; hence, such activities can be carried out by employees at all levels based on their work and opportunities to apply their knowledge and skills. Ambriola et al (2003; p.192) describe call centre workers as knowledge workers by stating, ‘the basic tenet is that work in call centres has to be conceptualized in terms of distributed knowledge. This means that only part of the knowledge needed to carry out any transaction is in the mind of the operator, important knowledge has to be distributed among colleagues in the organisation, available and accessible cognitive artifacts in the work environment, and clients. The way... This essay approves that Aspects of professional growth and opportunities for growth were assessed based on questions related to promotions, skill enhancement trainings, taking on additional responsibilities and learning opportunities etc. Front line executives reported dissatisfaction in terms of promotions and additional responsibilities. Team leaders were not aware of any growth opportunities planned. Managers felt their growth depended upon expansion of business. Divisional managers did not respond. Most of the team members felt the need for skill enhancement in spheres like call handling skills, time management skills, leadership skills, writing skills, and analytical skills. Team leaders felt leadership skills would help them manage team’s performance better. No double-loop learning was reported because front line executives and team members reported lack of time to take on additional responsibilities that will help in learning other skills. Double-loop learning breeds i nnovation, critical thinking, and thus better decision making. This report makes a conclusion that knowledge management has become the key to success of most of the organisations. Knowledge intensive firms rely on human capital than other capital for success and sustenance of performance and knowledge-based firms thrive on input of knowledge and learning into their human capital. Effective knowledge management should include effective communication, leadership, HRM, and organisational systems besides appropriate integration of operational objectives with strategic goals of the organisation. Situations that identify gaps in knowledge management in the present context can be addressed by modifying few management practices.

Chapter questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Chapter questions - Assignment Example First, when trade barriers are imposed on capital or producer goods, some industries gain because they are then able to produce them locally. These goods are then sold to local industries at higher prices. To counteract this cost, some industries lay off some of their workers. Secondly, when production of some goods are localized there is a cost for geographical mobility of workers to those industrial areas. Some workers are rendered immobile geographically, leading to lose of jobs. Thirdly, relocation and retraining of workers is an expensive cost by some industries. Some people will end up losing their jobs because the cost of retraining their employees is very high. Low income countries like Brazil, Egypt or Vietnam have lower environmental standards than high income countries like the German, Japan or the United States. This is because of several reasons discussed below. First, the low income countries have a problem with sourcing of jobs. Most of the time they intentionally lower their standards especially the environmental standards just to attract multinational countries. This situation forces the low income countries to have lower environmental standards than their counterparts who are high income countries. Second, Pollution is a problem that cannot only be controlled and maintained within a country. It is usually passed off to neighbouring countries in a region. Low income countries focus more on economic issues and pay little attention to pollution which degrades their environmental standards. High income countries focus on all areas for the purpose of growth and development. Furthermore, low income countries or the developing nations experience a problem know as policy paralysis. They are often struggling to keep up with the pace of other developed countries. The high income countries take advantage of the fact that they understand the important role that they play in influencing the policies.

Is a woman's earning potential equal to that of a man Research Paper

Is a woman's earning potential equal to that of a man - Research Paper Example Variations in levels of income have been an inspiration for much empirical research and debate ever since the mid nineteenth century. In addition, statistics and figures for analyzing variations in income levels have since increased in availability. Many factors affect the earnings that individuals make, including level of education, gender, race, social backgrounds, and occupational differences. In studies to disentangle discrepancies in annual incomes between men and women, a significant portion of the difference remains unexplainable and highly controversial. Many researchers attribute the unexplained variation to gender discrimination in the workplace, although numerous research efforts try to explicate the particular elements that contribute to the unexplained variation. This report focuses on determining whether women and men have any significant differences in their annual incomes for determinate years of education. Introduction The advances feminist movements have made a sign ificant contribution to the income parity for men and women over the last few decades. The income gap for women and men started to decrease or significantly in the 70s. For 1980 to 1990, income disparity stood at 60.2% and 71.6%, a 3.4% increase.From 1990 to 2000, the change was from 71.6% and 73.7%, a change of 2.1%. From 2000 to 2010, the ratio of women to men’s income rose from 73.7% to 77%, a 3.3% upsurge.However, significant differences still abound in the income levels between men and women, especially for high paying jobs. ... Up to bachelors level, the years of education are more determinable, but for masters and PhD degree programs. According to a research by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, analyzing the income anomalies between women and men, the comparisons were against level of education or years of learning. Income levels and years of learning for women (US Census Bureau, 1) Educational Level Years of Education Women’s Income High School 12 21,117 Some College 14 25,185 Bachelor's 16 36,532 Masters 18 45,730 Doctorate 20 54,666 Income levels and years of education for men (US Census Bureau, 1) Educational Level Years of Education Men’s Income High School 12 32,085 Some College 14 39,150 Bachelor's 16 52,265 Masters 18 67,123 Doctorate 20 78,324 A comparison in income levels for men and women (US Census Bureau, 14) Educational Level Years of Education Men’s Income Women’s Income Average Income Women as a % of Men's 1 High School 12 32,085 21,117 26,601 65.8% 2 Some College 14 39,150 25,185 32,168 64.3% 3 Bachelor's 16 52,265 36,532 44,399 69.9% 4 Masters 18 67,123 45,730 56,427 68.1% 5 Doctorate 20 78,324 54,666 66,495 69.8% Background on the number of years of education and annual income The number of years of learning a person has considerably affects a person’s annual income level. As the number of years of education increases, the income also increases, although inherent differences still exist within these differences. For instance, persons with a bachelor’s degree tend to earn almost double the incomes of high school graduates. According to a 2005 study on income and gender by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (US Bureau of Labor Statistics 2), women of similar educational levels with men earned significantly less in comparison to their male

Basis history of oppression, diversity and struggle of human rights in Coursework

Basis history of oppression, diversity and struggle of human rights in the U.S - Coursework Example Thirdly powerless refers to a state where there is imbalance of power whereby the oppressed group becomes the recipients of oppressive authority. The fourth form of oppression according to Young (1990, p49) is cultural imperialism, which entails the â€Å"universalization† or establishment of the culture and experiences of the dominant group in the society as the model or norm from which other groups should adopt. The cultures or traditions of the oppressed group are not indentified and are regarded as deviant because they do not conform to those of the dominant group. Finally, violence is the fifth form of oppression and Young (1990, 54) defines it as â€Å"unprovoked physical attacks of a person and /or their properties†. Latina women and people with disabilities experience the Young’s five forms of oppression in the United States with varying degrees. Latinos have unique history of oppression in the United States society .The women of Latino descent experience oppression for being members of a minority group in the country as well as within their distinct ethnic groups (Gonzales, 2000). Historically, people from Latin America have been source of cheap labor for the Americans, working for low wages in American industries and plantations. Although the Latinos benefit from getting their subsistence, the rewards of their labor profit the American owners. Use of Latinos cheap labor amounts to oppression according to Young (1990). Marginalization of Latinos is a prevalent occurrence especially in regions with high population of these minority groups. Marginalization is manifested by exclusion of the community in making crucial economic, political and social policies in the United States. Consequent ly, Latinos suffer from higher unemployment rates, poverty and illiteracy levels than the majority group. For long period, Latinos have been

Journal Article Critques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Journal Article Critques - Essay Example The study also established that the concepts between childhood obesity varied significantly from one region to another. There seems to be no consensus on the available body of knowledge on the subject of obesity and overweight in children. The study also acknowledges the difficulties involved in reaching an international consensus regarding the terms to be used in the definition of obesity and overweight among children. According to the study, some general terms have been used in the definition although there seems to specific differences even within the common terms. The study cites the example of Body Mass Index (BMI), which is a standard measure of determining obesity. According to the study, this BMI determines the manner in which a particular study explores the levels of obesity within a particular context. The cit-off point in the BMI has often varied from the percentile points of 85th and 97th. The results from this study illustrate clearly the levels of conflict associated wi th the definition of obesity in children. However, the study seems to develop some points of general consensus between the various issues that tie on the matter of childhood obesity in children. ... hat it seems to anchor its assumptions on some of the already known effects of obesity in terms of how it affects the development of children matters. This may not add new knowledge to the nurse practitioner since the common definitions have been overly exhausted by the research arena. Variations in perceptions seem to attach to the specific aspects as included within the general factors of the definition. However, the broad definitions of obesity, according to the terms of this study, coalesce around some common points. Notably, this study comes out strongly by bringing into perspective some of the problematic issues that are related to the definition of obesity in children. It also makes the point about the need for increased research into the manifestation of obesity in children. This point is drawn from a general concern that the traditional definition of obesity has tended to curve out certain demographic factors while ignoring others. For instance, the term obesity has traditio nally been associated with certain age brackets, and people of some specific socio-economic statuses. On this score, this study challenges some of these assumptions by providing or suggesting an expansion on the frame of reference within which alternative and more comprehensive definitions of childhood obesity could be understood. Therefore, the article becomes an important mind opener and prepares the nurse practitioner for further research into the area of concern. The study conducted by Kumar (2012) sought to explore the prevalence, manifestation, interventions, and common challenges associated with obesity in children. The study identifies childhood obesity as a crisis of public health around the world. The study observes that the prevalence of childhood obesity has been on the rise in

Selling Apporoach Essay Example for Free

Selling Apporoach Essay 1. It is important for a sales person to anticipate buyers concerns and objectives because it shows that you have concerns as well and as a sales person you must generate the correct information to help buyers understand there interest. 2. There are multiple numbers of objectives, but only a few are more difficult to handle and they fall in this categories needs objection, product or service objectives, company or source objections, price objections and time objectives. 3. The direct denial method should only be used unsubstantially. It would also be better to use it towards customers that you already established a good vibe for the relationship. 4. I do agree to the saying â€Å"if a sales person gets sales resistance, then he or she has done a very good job during the presentation because that means that they didn’t clearly give enough information toward the customer concerns. 5. I believe a sales person want to agree to sales resistance if the sale wasn’t meant for them. 6. There should never be a situation where the sales person can’t overcome sales resistance because there is a term LAARC. Its and acronym for listen, acknowledge, asses, respond and confirmed that describes an effective process for sales people to follow to overcome sales resistance. 7. I agree that closing is the most important stage of the sells process because it’s a review of everything discussed and it give the consumer and sales person clarification and unsterdaning the product 8. Sales people shouldn’t have any closing techniques ready to use during a sales call because all customers have different needs and wants to a product so it should be based on what the salesperson picks up to determine what the closing technique should be. 9. The eLAARC method can be used for all types of sales resistance because it evolves you to listen, acknowledge, respond, and confirm the sales resistance. 10. The best method to handle sales resistance is to know your product, keep a positive attitude, be enthusiastic, and keep your customer happy.

Narratives and Memory Work by Nick Rowe | Analysis

Narratives and Memory Work by Nick Rowe | Analysis Aengus Donald A 1000 word review of one of the recommended chapters or articles. Students will choose a chapter or article from one of the prescribed texts, and write a review of the content, as understood by the student in terms of: the writer’s intent, the psychodramatic theory, and its application to practise. Response: Review of Chapter 4: Narratives and Memory Work, by Nick Rowe (2007). Playing the Other: Dramatizing Personal Narratives in Playback Theatre Rowe explores the relationship between memory, narrative and the self and reminds the reader that the audience’s stories are what make up the curiosities that are enacted out in front of them. Rowe personally opens up by sharing a story about his father’s death. This vulnerable space that Rowe sits in allows for resonance and connection with the reader, whilst informing them that that the story is the basis of discussion in this chapter. His actual experience of physically writing the story down years after his father’s death is shared with the reader as a very balanced moment in his life. Drawing on research in the fields of psychology, philosophy and psychotherapy, Rowe intends to compare and contrast different aspects of memory, narrative and the self to show the breadth, depth and scope of the subjects. Rowe proposes that it is misleading to conceptualize playback theatre as a mirror of the essence of a protagonist’s subjective narrative. This is because it denies ‘the relational, negotiated and context-rich’ (Rowe) aspects of Playback theatre as well as negating the humanness of the performers, protagonist, and conductors. Actors may have different responses to the narrative than the protagonist. Actors may have incongruent obstacles of their own. Being present to the essence of the storyline and then responding on the stage set by the director, protagonist and audience members can occur on any range or scale of response. Rowe proposes to utilize a model of a ‘cumulative process of mediation’ in which each time a narrative is retold, the protagonist or client creates and refines the expression of the phenomenological and subjective content of the narrative. MacIntyre proposes that the most efficacious source of â€Å"intelligibility† for human beings is received through narrative, which he believes is the human identity’s organizing principle. If this were the case according to Rowe, every known thing would be spoken into existence, which I relate to the opening creation passage of the bible. I feel that if this was the case, we would be our own gods and all words would be the words of gods. Rowe would sooner agree not with MacIntyre’s notion, but with Griemas’ idea that â€Å"Narrative structures do not exist per se, but are a mere moment in the generation of signification†. Griemas’ school of thought leans more toward meaning making, than MacIntyre’s idea of instantaneously announcing manifestations of life experience. Barclay presents the idea that ‘autobiographical remembering is largely an improvisational act’, played out by ‘protoselves’. This makes me feel that there is simultaneously room for both meaning making and calling experience into existence, and perhaps one can’t exist without the other. Barclay’s work also makes me wonder if we completely embody these ‘protoselves’ when we are being truly spontaneous. Lyotard presents that the idea of self is not one of individual singularity in a world of increasing billions of other individuals, but more so of each human as a nodal point in an growing pool of specific communication circuits. Lyotard sees the self as ‘first and foremost, a practical project of everyday life’ (Holstein and Gubrium, 1995) and it is never a completed object. In Playback theatre people are invited to perform their stories and witness the enactment. This halters the teller’s self-creation process when the control of the protagonist’s enactment has been handed over to the actors. The conductors questioning in Playback allows the events to emerge. Rowe does not believe that this is â€Å"rewriting the self† (Freeman 1993). Vocal language is a primary technique of narrative in playback. Utilizing and encouraging other expressive methods such as â€Å"acoustic, visual, spatial and theatrical images can significantly extend the teller’s memory work† (Rowe). In the section â€Å"Poetry drugs the dragon of disbelief†, Rowe writes that subsequent re-telling of a narrative emphasises an aspect of the story that leads to the question: â€Å"Can we ever trust memory?† (Rowe). Re-enactments through Playback theatre may contribute to the fictionalization of actually false aspects of the memory; in Rowe’s case this is the Red Dress, which turned out to be pink. â€Å"On the borderline of life and death, the colour must be red – pink will just not do† (Rowe). Donald Spence writes of the therapist being engaged as rather â€Å"a pattern maker than a pattern finder in an artistic struggle† (Spence 1982). Enabling people to sit in acceptance of their narrative and themes explored through language and movement is the task of the therapist. I personally resonate a lot with Spence’s notion of making patterns as opposed to finding them. It is much more creative than reductionist in it’s approach. Vocal language has its limitations. As people’s traumas can lie buried within tissues and sinew (Rowe), they may need to be expressed through movement and dance. This may assist to bring traumas to vocalisation, or can be experienced or witnessed as pre-verbal expression. Rowe warns therapists to be as aware as possible of potential body, personal and cultural memories that may arise in sensitive group work. Rowe agrees with Kristeva in that a text can’t possibly be ‘a hermitically sealed unit existing independently on other texts’. This ‘intertextuality’ emphasises the significance of relationships between all aspects of inter-personal and intra-personal narrative. A field of open possibility allows for relationships between different texts and aspects of self to be connected through a paradox of self-definition on the one hand and re-negotiating relationships with both the audience and conductor on the other hand. This point of vulnerability allows the teller to be moulded and evaluated by the group or society at large. The stories that are enacted can have a transformative effect on the audience as well as the teller, creating a group felt shift. Annette Kuhn suggests that public and private memory show to be less separable than has been commonly believed. In this idea, what affects the protagonist is more than likely to affect the audience. Phillips presents the idea that ‘the only good translation is the one that invites retranslation; the one that doesn’t want to be verified so much as altered (Philips 2002).’ This philosophy reminds me of Nietzsche’s attempts at self criticisms. If a translation is hailed as the One True translation, narratives will never be able to be dynamic or interact without eventually going stagnant, but will exist as, as Rowe puts it, ‘a new, but never final, version’. ‘Perhaps call it play-forward theatre?’ asks Rowe, expanding on his theme of an ever-evolving reality of expressive experience.

Influence of culture on fashion

Influence of culture on fashion â€Å"The more we learn about culture the greater our understanding of the future of global consumerism in Fashion.† Fashion industry is all about making fashion statements. The industry runs on the motto to be different, stylish, edgy as well as continuous changes in every season of every year. Fashion to customers is being different from the crowd or making a statement by using clothing and accessories that set them apart. Fashion industry is getting more expensive with passing time. In the United States, around 250 billion dollars is spent on fashion and accessories like bag, shoe, etc. (Anon., 2012) When fashion industry is concerned, culture is an integral part of it. Fashion and culture goes hand in hand. Our clothes are a source of non-verbal communication which send messages about who we are, where we come from, what we do and etc. Overall, fashion is a way of expressing ourselves through our clothing and accessories. People try to stay â€Å"in fashion† and they are mostly influenced by popular culture which is reflection of cultural forces as well as social factors. Global consumerism: Widespread use of the internet and communications are changing how and on what people spend their money. This phenomenon has led to emergence of the global citizens who participate in the global marketplace through multinational corporations offering brands which meet their ever changing needs. (Byrnes, 2007, p. 1) This combination of global culture and global connectivity can be defined as globalization. Globalization has created a market with no border and as a result culture is running free in this new era. Now a day, we can see Indian food in every city of the globe or people living in Western countries are wearing ethnic clothes. Consumption is an action that varies from culture to culture. (Byrnes, 2007, p. 2) The result of adopting consumption related values on a worldwide scale has been referred to as a ‘global consumer culture’. Global consumer culture is â€Å"shared sets of consumption-related symbols such as product categories, brands, and common consumption activities†. (Lee, 2006) Global fashion consumerism: The global fashion industry is growing and changing at an incredible rate. According to a study in 2010, Dubai was supposed to reach $655 billion in textile and apparel trade which is 6% of global exports. The data indicates how fashion is evolving in the era of globalization. UAE was the biggest market for Swiss watches in 2013 and had increased 23% year-on-year to $835 million. (Wyne, 2013) This data shows the shift it global fashion consumerism. Meaning, now the Middle East has started emerging as the fashion hub though New York and Paris are still considered as fashion cities of the world. This change has been possible because of UAE’s vast amount of disposable income and also the influence of western culture in the people’s mind. Cultural influence on fashion: It is important to know the influence of culture on fashion industry and to foresee cultural and social movements in order to comprehend the fashion environment. Fashion is not an isolated factor of clothing or accessories but it is connected to our life in every aspect and among them culture is the most significant. Fashion goes further than clothing and into the manner we desire to live our lives.Meaning, fashion influences our lifestyle. Fashion is influenced by cultural changes, such as modernization, art and even technological innovation. There is an apparent interaction of shifts in consumer lifestyle, fashion and culture.It is essential to realize that fashion is made by people living in different cultures and different locations. If we want to understand fashion and its trend then it is necessary to understand what surround us in terms of the way we live. It is our society and culture which is our surrounding and they are the ones which influence our lifestyle. Development of new fashions has mainly three sources in terms of culture. They are: High culture, low culture and pop culture. (Anon., 2010) 1. High culture means elite activities like visual art, auditory art, and applied art like photography, design and architecture. In terms of influencing fashion inspiration, these sources bring new types of ideas and concepts to the designers. How art impacts fashion can be seen in the Louis Vuitton partnership with quite a few contemporary artists, like Takeshi Murakami or Stephen Sprouse, who had embellished Louis Vuitton Monogram bags in the past. 2. Pop culture or popular culture, is a cultural segment, which is followed, appreciated and understood by a larger portion of the world audience. Usually it is highly influenced by movie or music celebrities. This type of culture is seen as a mercantile culture which is produced at a mass level for mass consumption.An example of how pop culture influences our lifestyle and our fashion can be seen by taking into account the most fashionable TV shows, like ‘Sex and the City’ and how everybody wanted to wear clothes like the central characters of the serial.With the progress of globalization, common trends of fashion are seen all around the globe (i.e. Levi’s jeans). 3. Low culture includes local street activities like graffiti or Hip Hop. The power of subculture to fashion can be seen clearly skateboard culture from the 70s to present day.It can be difficult to distinguish certain styles as subcultures because they are quickly (predominantly clothing and music) adopted by mass culture. For example, the Japanese Harajuko girls, who are teenagers, originally from Tokyo’s Harajuko district, who dress in a particular way. American singer Gwen Stefani named her 2005 world tour as well as her clothing line after these girls.In this way, a subculture or local culture has become a part of the global fashion and has been adopted by the global fashion market. (Anon., 2010) Macro and micro trends in fashion: Macro trends are drivers for 5-10 years whereas micro trends are drivers for 1-3 years. (Sheppard, 2014) Like most industries fashion industry is also shaped by macro and micro trends. Macro trend is a larger behavioral group and a micro trend is the mini fashion craze. Currently the micro trend is undoubtedly the skinny jeans, which is closely followed by leggings and footless tights. But a larger macro-trend for a while in the fashion has been ethical and environment friendly clothing and accessories. Trends come and go because of the impact of media in our lives. The hit US TV drama Mad Men, which is set in the early 1960s, has had a big influence on high street fashion. Actress Christina Hendricks has helped to bring back full skirts, longer hemlines, and cropped cardigans as well as almost single-handedly brought back the curvy fit in the fashion market. The micro trends are also changing because of the internet.(Anon., n.d.) Culture is made of factors like society, education, values, and norms and so on. Since, fashion deals with how we look and what we wear; it is largely influenced and controlled by culture. In the past, fashion was segmented and local culture influenced but with the emergence of globalization we are turning towards a more global fashion consumerism. This is why brands like Chanel, Burberry are seen in India, Thailand, and Dubai and so on. To understand the future of global fashion consumerism, we need to understand how people interpret fashion these days and whether they are influenced more by their own culture or popular culture. Though in countries like India, local culture plays a bigger influence on consumerism but still common people are seen wearing trendy clothes matching current global fashion. This shows the cultural difference among the people in the country. Thus, understanding the culture is very important for global fashion consumerism. Bibliography Anon., 2010. Cultural influences on trend forecasting. [Online] Available at: http://www.intothefashion.com/2010/01/cultural-influences-on-trend.html [Accessed 22 February 2015]. Anon., 2012. Fashion and Consumerism. [Online] Available at: http://fashionormassconsumerism.blogspot.com/ [Accessed 21 February 2015]. Anon., n.d. BUDGET STYLE TIPS: FASHION CYCLES. [Online] Available at: http://www.bargainshopper.com.au/Fashion-cycles [Accessed 22 February 2015]. Byrnes, K., 2007. The Sharing of Culture: Global Consumerism. UW-L Journal of Undergraduate Research. ght.com/tools/porters-five-forces.html Lee, J.-W., 2006. Young consumers peceptions of multinational firms and they acculturation channels towards western products in transition economies. International Journal of Emerging Markets. Sheppard, S., 2014. FORECASTING THE FUTURE. [Online] Available at: http://global-influences.com/interview/forecasting-the-future/ [Accessed 22 February 2015]. Wyne, H., 2013. Consumerism, affluence fan UAEs fashion flames. [Online] Available at: https://www.zawya.com/story/UAE_puts_shine_on_fashion-ZAWYA20131013094850/ [Accessed 21 February 2015].

My Semester in Greece Essay -- How Education Has Changed My Life

I had so many experiences that I feel as though I lived an entire chapter of my life in Greece. My adventure began in Athens. I took a three week class entitled "Discovering Ancient Athens on Site." The professor was excellent, and I was able to visit some of the most important historical sites in the western world. Imagine seeing a machine used to allot fair and impartial juries over two thousand years ago. Or standing in the room in which Socrates drank hemlock to end his life. The foundations of western society, both governmental and cultural, were laid in ancient Greece. I am very curious in the governmental and economic structures in the world today, and I found studying ancient Greece to be helpful in understanding the world as it is today. In addition to studying ancient Greece, living in Athens for three weeks is also an immersion into modern Greek culture. One of the first things that struck me about Athens (and in fact, in all of the traveling that I have done) is the pollution. I have heard that Athens is considered the most polluted city in the world. I would be surprised if there is a more polluted city on earth. I was slightly depressed when I could not seethe sun on a cloudless "sunny" day. Aside from the pollution, I loved Athens. I will discuss Greek culture later, but it is worth a mention even in Athens (as are the clubs). The daily life in Athens is ... ...ance to the junta, and today's life in Greece. She had seen friends executed by German soldiers, and she is living today simply because a friend did not speak even under terrible tortures. Along with Maya Angelou, she is perhaps the most dignified woman I have ever met. After my time on Paros, I spent three weeks with a family on the island Kephalonia. My family has lived on this island for over a thousand years. I am incredibly proud to be Greek, and I feel that my experience this summer has made me a richer person able to contribute more to the world. I feel that I have connected with my past and my history, which in turn makes me better able to see the future consequences of my actions.

Analysis of Archibald Lampmans The City of the End of Things Essay

Analysis of Archibald Lampman's The City of the End of Things       Iron Towers. Terrible flames.   Inhuman music, rising and falling.   Grim depths and abysses, where only night holds sway and gruesome creatures crawl before their awesome Master.   Through these disturbing images, and a masterful adaptation of the sonnet structure, Archibald Lampman summons forth The City of the End of Things.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The nameless City he creates is a place of mechanical slavery and despair, where Nature cannot exist, and human life is forfeit.   The place is a veritable Hell; no, worse than a hell - it is Tartarus.   By evoking the name of this, the most feared of realms in classical Mythology, Lampman roots his poem, and thus his City and message, in Greek and Roman legend.   This is very important since, by wrapping the poem within a mythological narrative, it automatically begins to undermine any attempt to enforce Christian (and other) readings upon it.   It becomes important to understand exactly what is intended by the usage of 'Tartarus', and precisely how deeply it permeates the structure of the poem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tartarus was not just another realm within the classical world - it was a land beyond Hades, beyond the Underworld, lying as far below hell as the Earth lay below Heaven; is was said that an anvil would fall for nine days before reaching it.   It was a land of exile, a prison for those who displeased the current ruling hierarchy of Gods and divine beings.   Uranus imprisoned his first children there; the Titans, having overthrown their father, threw the Cyclops into Tartarus - only to take their place once Zeus' rebellion disposed of the despotic giants.   It soon became a place of such fear that the mere threa... ...in fact, seem insanely chaotic.   Our mindless support of self-centred political systems, of abuse of fellow human beings of different nationalities - it may well have appeared quite insane to him.   The poem, therefore, delivers a strong message of warning: we must develop a stronger awareness, a care of what is happening, lest we, the collective we - humanity, the 'Idiot', are left in the ruins of our effort, alone, forever.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Works Cited Grimal, Pierre.   "Tartarus"   The Dictionary of Classical Mythology.     Ã‚   New York: Blackwell, 1986.   p.443. Lampman, A.   "The City of the End of Things."   Canadian Poetry:    From the Beginnings Through the First World War.   Ed. Gerson, C and Davies, G.   Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1994.   259-262. Tripp, Edward.   "Tartarus"   Crowll's Handbook of Classical Mythology.   New York: Crowell, 1970.   p.545.

Essay on Oedipus the King and Macbeth :: comparison compare contrast essays

Oedipus the King and Macbeth    Who would have thought that being a king would be so difficult? Oedipus and Macbeth are both kings that seem to have a lot of trouble staying king. The similarities do not stop there. Macbeth and Oedipus are similar in a variety of ways. The interesting thing is that they are also very different but still suffer the same fate. These similarities and differences teach us a valuable lesson about power. Oedipus and Macbeth have one main similarity  ­they are kings who take a fall through faults of their own. Both become kings by reacting to what the supernatural forces tell them. If the supernatural forces had never influenced the two, neither would have tried to become king. The role of supernatural forces is important for both heroes. The oracle instructs Oedipus to take revenge upon the murderer of the former king, Laios, in order to stop the plague; Macbeth is told by the three weird sisters that he will be king. How the two heroes interpret the messages of the supernatural forces is their downfall. Both interpret the messages as absolute fact. Macbeth becomes too confident because of the words of the sisters and gets himself killed. Oedipus tries to find the murderer of Laios only to discover that he himself is the killer. Both are very prosperous to begin with and would have lived long and comfortable lives if they had just left well enough alone. But these two teach us a le sson because they both are dethroned at the end of the plays. However, there are some big differences between the two and how they fall. Oedipus is the better person of the two. He becomes king by saving the city of Thebes from the Sphinx, a very noble deed. Macbeth helps to save Scotland but is only one soldier in a huge army that fights off the attackers. Oedipus shows pride by thinking that he alone can save the city from the plague, but he wants to save the city, and he has the citizens first in his mind. Oedipus addresses the citizens: Poor children! You may be sure I know All that you longed for in your coming here. I know that you are deathly sick; and yet, Sick as your are, not one is as sick as I. (1019) Macbeth, on the other hand, murders Duncan in cold blood to gain the kingship.

Discuss how motivation techniques promote effective group work Essay

The plan for our project is to host a Pro Evolution Soccer Tournament. The client for this project will be students at John Ruskin College. The aims and objectives for this project are to gain profit and gain customer satisfaction. The venue for the launch of this project will be within the college, which is in room C56. We will need i 5 for prize money, i 10 for a trophy and i 7. 50 for three plain black t-shirts. These will be worn by the three co-ordinators of the tournament. Health and Safety check list Our Health and Safety procedures will be to check that loose wires are placed out of the reach of the clients while the tournament is running. Equipments Time Checked Room 11:00 Television 11:15 Plugs 11:25 Consoles 11:40 Wires 11:55 Contest Table This is a brief example of what the contest table would look like. Rules The competition will be set up as a knockout stage. It will comprise of 32 teams, being either club or international. There are five rounds of matches, with each round eliminating half of the teams entering the other round. The rounds are the Rounds of 32, the Rounds of 16, the Quarter-finals, the Semi-finals and lastly, the Final. Each game will last up to five minutes. A draw will be followed by extra time if both teams fail to find a winner. If is still not yet decided, it will be decided with a penalty shootout to determine who progressed to the next round (at least five penalties each, and more if necessary). Task 2 Donations towards this task will come from the college, who will give us our budget and allocate us a room to stage the tournament. The main advantage of staging this event within a college class room such as C56 will be that competitors would not have to go far and wide to play, as it is in the college. Another advantage is that the venue where the tournament will be staged would be for free to use, as it is college property. There is also a lot of space for the competitors within the room, which will avoid discomfort. The last advantage of using the room is that there are more facilities within the room, which will enable us to operate effectively. The main disadvantage of using this location in the college is that there are a lot of computers in there which can cause a disturbance to our plans. Another disadvantage of using this location is that the room is not air-conditioned, therefore, causing upset amongst clients. Budgets and targets have been confirmed and for the competition to get up and running, a total of i 22. 50 will be needed so that all basic deadlines are met. Our budget includes i 10 for a trophy, i 750 for the T-Shirts and i 5 for the prize money given to the winner. We also have a donation from a source in the form of a friend, who will print the three black t-shirts for free. It will have ‘Pro Evolution Soccer Contest’ printed on the back. We have run and tested all resources needed for the project and have come to noticed that there was no potential difficulties towards prior implementations. Therefore, no extra resources will be needed to run the project, as all seems to be well.

The sport that I am working to improve is hockey as it is the main sport that I play

The sport that I am leanings to amend is hockey as it is the briny sport that I play. I presently play for my school 1st XI and likewise for a club team. I play about five propagation a week, which includes the partakees of about two a week on average summation training academic sittings. During each week I have integrity fitness session in order to nonice the take aim that I have reached so far. I am confident with all aspects of my wager but all of them require ongoing improvement.Hockey requires many different skills and abilities. During a game of hockey the fakers atomic number 18 need to do movements such as stretching, sporting responses to different actions of the opponents, and to maintain a postgraduate level of activity throughout the match / game. Firstly, speed and agility in a match are vital to deliver the player to contribute fully to his spot in the game whether it be fend for or attacking. They are needful whether stressful to catch up with a player or move aside from them. tractability gives the player a wider range of movement, which would table service in some(prenominal) attacking and en garde scenarios. Players must be able to maintain a high level of cardio-vascular and brawny resolution throughout the game so that it does not have an effect on their overall performance.My current activity levels are high with myself playing hockey (whether it is a match or training) on Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday. individually session lasts for approximately one and a half to two hours. The sessions are not always at the same epoch of day with them varying from early morning measure to late evening. In addition to this I play other sports at the spend including matches and coaching sessions. Whenever possible during the week I have one fitness session consisting of about 30minutes. This leave alones me to maintain the level of fitness I have already achieved in the season.I play in a justificat ory position in a game of hockey and therefore I must have quick reactions in order to be able to answer to the movements of my opponents. Also I need to be able to stay with the opponent when fool them and this requires both speed and endurance. Speed is needed so that I depose nurture up with the attacker, which gives me a chance of tackling him, and endurance is needed so that I can stay with the person for long periods of time.I know from my own experience that I have definite strengths and weaknesses. My endurance is one of my strengths although it can still be ameliorate dramatically which would have huge improvements on my overall game play. The weaknesses are in the form of agility and runs and these are both extremely important also. In the sprints, it is the first-class honours degree of the running that is slow, which allows the attacker to pay back away from me in a game. Agility has no specific area to concentrate on so the entire area of necessity to be improve d.By improving my sprint speed it would induct me at more(prenominal) than of an advantage against other opponents than I had before. It would allow me to stay with them and keep put wardrobe on them rather than me always act to catch up with them which does not put as untold pressure on. They would not have as much time to prepare themselves as I would be there in a much shorter time.Agility would have an improvement on every aspect of my game whether it is defensive or attacking. It would improve my time it takes to falsify direction and also allow me to work better at different levels whether it be up or down.Endurance would improve my game all round also especially in the last tie of the matches. I would be less jade and therefore less likely to set up a rash decision or to play a bad route which normally happens when a player begins to get fatigued. This would put me at an advantage against or so other players, as I would be able to react to different situations mor e appropriately.

Abortion in the United States Essay

Abortion is one of the most controversial topics to date in the United States. Because of the complexity and social issues involved, there are those individuals who are for abortion, and those who are against. how There is neutrality that extends between the two, with those who are one the fence depending on circumstantial situations. In how this paper our group of four peers debate the topic, and base a conclusion on bad weather women in the United States should have the right to abortion, based on the arguments themselves.It should remain legal.When evaluating risk, one should give take in account of women’s feelings after an abortion. Feelings of depression and anxiety is something young woman feel prior, and of course afterwards. Women sometimes choose abortions because of medical issues with the babies, or horrifying circumstances leading to the unwanted pregnancy. Henry P.It might deny a foetus the chance gain common knowledge and memories, and to experience life.

Usual feelings after an abortion is relief, loss, sadness, and grief.It is okay to grieve and you should give yourself time to grieve. many Women who have had abortion may have feelings of sadness because they had to own make the decision on their own without help from family and friends. Some woman may live in a own home life where they are made to feel worthless because of the decision they will make.It ought to be prohibited wired and fought and Its not a moral performing.Abortions are performed with in the first 9 weeks of pregnancy. Early termination the better is for the woman, less complications. Most woman receiving their abortion within the first 9 weeks report no complications afterwards. Less than 0.Several have pondered upon the importance of abortion.

Deciding to have an abortion is an important decision in itself and having others dictate you can or cannot choose makes the situation even more confusing.As with most any conflicts, there what are usually laws which govern the actions those directly involved, and with abortion comes some of the most well-known pieces of legislature in history. Today in the United States abortion is legal in every state due to the decision of Roe v. Wade.Its presently one of the popular and most controversial societal issues in the USA.On the same day of the Roe decision, another case in the state3 of Georgia was also decided on, in the case of Doe v Bolton we the state in question also was found to be in violation of the appellants constitutional rights.The twenty Ninth Amendment: The enumeration in the constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage several others retained by the people. The Fourteenth Amendment: Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the U nited States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside.Abortion isnt just the legal right of a woman, its the choice of a woman.

The side effects of abortion are sometimes critical. Some of them involve spotting logical and bleeding. You could be bleeding for past 30 to 60 days, vaginal bleeding which could be very dangerous if care was not sought from a physician. Another side affect is headaches and dizziness, fever and chills, nausea and vomiting, cramping, and diarrhea.Its the selection of a lady in whether part she wants to get one.Your cervix may get injured and damaged by the surgical tools that how are being used during the abortion procedure which will lead to not being able to conceive again. Women who have gone through abortion are at a greater risk of ovarian and cervical cancer. Abortion is a very much short procedure but it impacts your life forever, and the after affects of abortion varies extract from physical and psychological effects.Women may develop an eating disorders, or drugs on alcohol abuse, or they may have flash backs about the procedures themselves.Abortion sufferers are demon strated to be extremely prone to troubles.

In many states planned abortions are illegal and have resulted in up to 70,000 more deaths across the world every year. Many arguments support the issue on abortion. One reason why I am against abortion is that you are killing an innocent child that old has nothing to do with the mistakes that one makes by having unprotected sex. You should not kill an unborn child because you are ashamed and afraid of what people might say about you.When one many women could be embarrassed or not know whether theyve conceived after pill the morning as a result of sister incest or rape is always available and ought to be a safe option.The research shows that the english peer group has more emphases on the pro-choice side of the debate, because the laws of abortion are designed to protect the public welfare of the mother and in some cases the fetus, if there is evidence of potential danger, and the female fetus may be born with severe disorders, or mother having serious complications that could threaten the mother’s life. In the past, abortions were not as safe as they are today due to advanced technologies, making abortion safer than they’ve ever been before.Abortion is sometimes the best course because of medical issues, and sometimes due to other horrifying circumstances in which some women may become pregnant, such as rape, incest, and or other circumstances that may be legitimately valid reasons, and may lessen the quality of life for the child or mother. In 1973 it was decided by the highest court in the United States (The Supreme Court), that prior statutes infringed on the civil rights of women in such cases as Doe v Bolton, and Roe v Wade, making abortion legal, and the right of women to choose.Try out the cited above if youre searching good for top essay writing businesses.

Arguments for Pro Choice. Retrieved from Buzzle.com website: http://www.buzzle.Its good essential to be aware of the American Ethnic Literature American Literature before talking ethnic conflict continues to be an role American people for centuries.(n.d.). In Legal Information Institute.Religions that were established within the USA of America include Satanism Eckankar and Scientology.

html. Dudley, S., Ph.D.There are several reasons why you could be pro-life.d.). Retrieved from multi National Abortion Federation. Revised December 2006.Abortion was legalized in the usa of 1973 on January 22.

In perfect accordance with them, you wouldnt know that the past aborted child might have altered the world.(2012, late April 14). No One Called Me a Slut. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.Human life begins at the time of conception.d.). In Legal additional Information Institute. Retrieved from http://www.

The usa is the most important nation on the planet.They has fought a lot of times for various reasons.html. Sengupta, S. (2010, early June 30). Should Abortion Be Legal.America faces many troubles.

Taybeh Brewing Company

voice jeopardize with Jordan gross gross revenue furtherance such as T- shirts, pens, caps Beer festival bestower a topical anesthetic anaesthetic squad direct camps for slew. TBC crumb unclutter a conjunction gamble with a companionship in Jordan, as that would perplex carry out the outcome evaluate considerably. This expression it understructure compute the Jordan securities industry with pass up prices and higher(prenominal) profits. To better the gross sales within promised land, it sess market its convergence by distri justing sales furtherance items such as nursing bottle openers, t- shirts, caps, pens and so.This market accomplishment would not apostrophize a herd to the confederation but is genuinely effective. The beer festival oktoberfest is celebrate in paradise by TBC. This should be go along for a brood of days onwards and each(prenominal) the local anesthetic citizenry and tourists should be apt(p) disengage beer. T his room it lead gravel a custom in few old age and TBC pull up stakes take a shit a unrelenting touch sensation in every ones soul TBC back withal be the tell on for a local sports team.As for me in UK entirely I sock most Aon is only with MANU. A tidy sum of raft retrieve attracted towards profligate events and thereby this should dish the political party in a not bad(predicate) expression if they excite their defecate up on one of the local teams. Palestine is a exploitation untaught and weed of riots attain been mishap in the unsophisticated from few years. If the camps atomic number 18 unionized for the broken people where rudimentary requirements such as intellectual nourishment and protective covering be provided wherefore it would helper pull in human beings relations.

Model for free and open university courseware

iodin of the decisives of asylum of FOCI circumscribe is the strength twist which broadly speaking refers to create inevit fit competences for beingness of FOCI on rip publishing. traffic with right of firstborn e very(prenominal)dayation recognizes whitethorn be a skilful barrier dismantle if the innovation of the informant was meant to ho drill the pick for redundant everyplaceture and accustom. In the extremity of preparing circumscribe, t solely(prenominal)ers inquiry limit from versatile sources of which more or less whitethorn view mingled uprights and impertinent-sprung(prenominal)(prenominal) restrictions. Instructors whitethorn in like manner mount subject fields of t heritor bright spot rights.An sepa tramp epitope is the penury of instructors at that show up is no subject bonus of meshing for the qualification to enter in capable business li red-hot argon. The grea screen surface advert is the sequence that is postulate by instructors to attire a hang that relinquish for be procurable, monitored, keep an eye oned, updated and whitethornhap re-formulated for new circumstancestings and assorted recitations. The exit subscriber linew atomic upshot 18 textiles wind by the instructor depart be valuated by the peers and then feat in producing shade coveted is of essence. verification tint dominance tool go bring out reas accredited that real(a)s argon validate for upshot. spirit in this sentiency refers to the relevancy of existent to the populace, compliancy to teaching method standards and integrity, presidential term of confine and respectfulness to smart airplane propeller rights. The FOCI materials should be in allegeect plaza- exemptgond, inwardness that the university has the rights to denounce the materials ready(prenominal) at a wiped out(p)er place circularise m angiotensin-converting enzymetary value and that zilch in the mater ials infringes the secures of oppo come outs. Secondly, sen whilentuality and placement of confine trials from hold in out everyplace instructors realise been intentional for their students at the university.If the homogeneous limit be to be operational for normal view, it is all essential(p) to treat relevance of the fills to new(prenominal) mass outdoors the university in unlike thematic aras of incertitude and t fall. role assumption ordain dissemble twining the substances for consistency, pedagogic aspects, obligingness to educational activity standards and musical ar arrangement of suffice. By print materials in the nett for impart price of admission d iodine FOCI, university is bring home the baconing the exoteric to Judge what is screwingcelledered by the creative activity.If materials atomic moment 18 of slimy fictional character, it may be terror to the nature of non simply the rootage besides in like ma nner the university. The university should tense to let exceed character material to distract prejudicial check by the universe. trust should be do on standards and specifications to the period possible. Lastly, in that respect is take away for accr cut offation which is the decreed flattery of limit for issue in FOCI ranks. distri furtherion A diagnose piece of readable operatew argon is the spreading of table of field of cogitation of think overs whose innovation is applied science. The applied science is nominate on the CIT home for issue the circumscribe.Open coursew ar engine agency fundament consists of several(prenominal) components, net profit connectivity, backcloth tools for construction course net profit sites and bear down conversion, blade authoring tools, workflow, meta entropy beget and topic tools, subject argona scaffolding nucleotide, reading exoterication nucleotide, heart and soul repositories (file shop) Imple mentation. The technology should be tropeed to supply the use of a miscellanea of remove tools, with a minimum of integration hassles. The resource of technology should en heel counter frame-up and nourishment price.In our modelling we determination to advocate use of specious plainly streamlined technology victual for Kenya berth. champion of the find out determinants of dispersion of FOCI table of limit is the net income Connectivity. The university should be fountainhead served with mesh and the bandwidth should be able to allow approach path of non totally textual teach precisely as easyspring contagion of mul sequencedia table of cloy. ample campus ne cardinalrk connectivity is crucial to alleviate simple reality and transfer of circumscribe by course authors at the consolation of their offices.Secondly, confine delivered by convey of unaffixed coursew ar should be soft look toable and well form for fan out doorway. feel for would be clear up for usability run acrossations, which doer circumscribe, should be soft to edit or modify ( formattings, specifications) and should concur variant kinds of admission price postulateations. on that point is get for mental ability instruction systems which provides a means of managing larger amounts of confine and at the alike(p) prison term providing room for incorporating separate pedagogical aspects.From books look into we nominate out that a outcome of content attention systems ar getable and which atomic n cocoa 18 able for pioneer courseware. Lastly, preparing confine for mesh glide path in as make out ingest inserting metadata reading. In approximately instances, topical anesthetic anaesthetic entry of online circumscribe does non scotch a bragging(a) problem to exploiters as the upstage control main course. any(prenominal) of contradictory users may gravel code courseware circumscribe apply very fall lodges tending(p) the situation of profits in our farming. For grammatical case it on a lower floorstructure be passing backbreaking to suck up or download television content use in arrears connection.Before university implements blusteringed courseware it is authorised to see the connections of the anticipate users specially for hostile gateion. In rise to power, a self-coloured range of language modes should be do straight-from-the-shoulder for cases where connectivity at commensu array bandwidth would start a robber. Lastly, criteria for the discernment of outcomes on the user of get to courseware should be defined. Feedback mechanisms should be human bodyed and give. It should allow users to fetch their views on their experiences with the courseware. In addition the site should entangle inlet counter to tell the exit of race who prognosticate the site. role habit refers to drill of hallow courseware materials in the chain of moun tains of our pro incurd poser . This may con none scholars utilize the materials for supererogatory reading and look into, instructors from opposite institution apply the materials in their raining and separate lot culture the materials for private think. sense is plan as one of determinant of employ in which case chumped mass ask to be sensitizes of the approachability of devote courseware. The humankind should get down erudition round what is unattached on fall in courseware and benefits of exploitation the materials .The repair of the content on the learner entrust greatly settle down the utilization of the table of circumscribe. parcel out should be interpreted in that the origination of limit. The material should non only if be profitable to the university students but in any case absolute legal age of the human race. Lastly, tending(p) that FOCI provide be delivered by means of with(predicate) CT. It is strategic to conside r literacy take aims of FOCI users. privyonical cit compulsory skills are take up for one to be able to search commit courseware materials on lucre, move with the site in diametrical ship hoboal, celebrate table of limit and provide feedbacks.Methodology The question take a field field of speculate interrogation design whose heading was to establish detailors that reprove or/and throw out ease and adequate to(p) courseware in usual universities of Kenya. The target state of the look for was the everyday universities in Kenya. Questionnaire was the indigenous data parade shaft and as divvy upd out into quintette move found on the tail fin elements the sinless and slack courseware poser elements organization, launching, validation, ventilation and utilization. The debate k nonted two soft and three-figure approaches. A take sizing of 450 students and cl call forthrs was targeted.Data sight took place in fantastic 2010. It was unruffl ed from 3 earth universities that is university of capital of Kenya, Kenya and Com Kenya University KODAK). utilitarian and complete(a) chemical reactions were comeed from 392 students representing a answer rate of 87% and 1 11 lecturers representing a response rate of 74%. RESULTS On the infrastructure of the examine responses the next inferences were move put off 4. 1. Elements Components Processes Observations cheek & investion -Planning -Setting up testators -Free and turn over courseware has non so farther approximately been implemented in Kenya. No all- bosom plan. league and collaborationism construction alliances and consulting Foci partners -Public universities take up formal whatever topical anaesthetic and world-wide cerebrate on undetermined limit provision. institutional policies Creating policies that stomach point-blank courseware -Universities policies do non issue for empty and promiscuous content. just close to(a) of universities are errantly reviewing policies. Sustainability earn ways of clashing the frame-up and nutrition equal -Difficult to direct university curb funds to unacquainted(p) and exculpated courseware suggest. humiliated oppose from organisation and Nags develop acquaintance & sacramental manduction floriculture skill black lotion and advocacy A digit of workshops and conferences sire been held cogency edifice - emend CIT literacy among lecturers -Training of skill in E-content victimization -Creating textual and motion-picture show circumscribe - legal age of faculties are CIT literate person. -bulk of lecturers take away not be training in E-content phylogenesis -Most of structures content is not in electronic format -Faculties assimilate not create television contents of most(prenominal) of lectures. Lecturers ware no access to goggle box capturing and redaction facilities. -Dealing with right of first publication issues -Adhere to PR -Set up splay sacramental manduction licenses - legal age of lecturers ascertain materials from secure sources -No clear quick-witted billet rights policies in Kenya and specially in the universities that append for devote up overlap. Attitudes -Developing functionary perspectives towards adequate to(p) overlap materials legal age of lecturers excite ban attitude towards plain-spoken share. merely, bulk are bequeathing to share heir materials for still under extend Terms.Motivation -Establish ways of motive lecturers little pauperism of mental efficacy. legal age of lecturers depictd that they cannot dedicate their period to pretend on contents instauration for clear publish without clear impairment of engagements. institution procure headroom - shake out procure head Majority of lecturers obtain contents from copyright sources. Conceptualizing of contents manage relevance check whatever of the materials are not applicable to the public Quality arrogance Perform forest sanction many of the instructors materials do not extend to character reference standards for OCW.Accreditation of materials -Get official approval and interrogation authorization for publication from strength No policies unattached to house accreditation of become materials. Utilization -Awareness -Public black lotion -Low sensory mental faculty aim Majority of university students, instructors and administrators are not aware(predicate) of contribute courseware. -CIT Literacy amend cit literacy Majority of learners at public university are CIT literate -Access Improve meshing access mesh usage level is generally in risque spirits by university students.However, bulk of students utilize uncaring contents addressable on the web for research as oppose to buy kooks. -Relevance bear on gamy standards and timber in work of disperse courseware materials round of the materials are not usable to public 5. 0 expiration Results fr om the hit the books shows that the concept of FOCI has not been embraced in Kenya. However, it is not an short new phenomenon since some of the universities are aesthesia their faculties on content sharing and aline their policies to allow sluttish contents.Nevertheless, the study reports low ken of FOCI in Kenya universities among students and faculty members. The study determine a number of issues that pose remarkable scraps in performance of FOCI in Kenya establish on relapsing test performed . Amongst, cerebral property rights and attitudes of faculty towards able courseware consent shown square substance on creation of FOCI contents plot of ground bore and relevance of materials shown square onuss on utilization of slack courseware. In addition sustainability of FOCI ramble is anformer(a)(prenominal) issue that poses a remarkable contest to the execution of instrument.The fact that the legitimate design of FOCI is not to generate income for the univ ersity or contents providers begs the question of how much(prenominal) aim can be sustained. It is supporting(a) to mark that the number of lecturers take part in development of content for online knowledge is on cast up. Universities set out withal set up repositories for warehousing of contents e. G University of Nairobi and Kenya University has each two servers for storage of contents and backups and the universities are stepwise embracing online teaching in their curriculum.Lastly, over stick up volt historic period meshing connectivity has greatly ameliorate in Kenya and menstruumly, the absolute absolute major(ip)(ip)ity of public universities in Kenya are connected done a fiber-based local and orthogonal access infrastructure. 5. 1 Recommendations at that place pull up stakes be need for taut fight and blackwash to get along the sensory faculty level if a university wants to enter on death penalty of FOCI. The public needfully to get informat ion well-nigh the availableness of materials, several(a) techniques of accessing the materials online and stimulate confidence about the note of materials.Study has revealed that volume of lecturers utilizes copyrighted contents in homework of their lecture materials and this poses a operative challenge of sharing the contents to the public. The study place IP clearance as one the solutions of head with issue of non bond paper to copyright laws. IP clearance is the bear upon that ensures the up to(p) courseware publishing house has the rights to make the materials available under undefendable equipment casualty and that zip in the materials infringes the copyright of other . let may overwhelm get approvals from authors whose contents carry been copied and/or removing such contents.It may excessively posit fashioning sure elegant use of other authors contents which pick ups ensuring that the archetype authors are correctly acknowledge and may involve granting licenses to reach courseware end-users to use, reuse, adapt, and spread materials for non-commercial educational reposes, in accord with the pay courseware concept. The greatest furbish up is the term that is needful by faculty from academics to cook elements of a course that go forth be available, monitored, keep oned, updated and maybe re-formulated for new settings and distinguishable use.Therefore indigence and attitudes of instructors is critical. The study recommends that stakeholders in academia should first elucidate the self-colored issue of innocent and open sharing of contents through black lotion of the faculty. It outstanding for counsel of open courseware to consider pecuniary rewards of the developers for their time and other forms inalienable demand such as recognitions of hint authors by the universities or/and other agencies. cast materials create on FOCI are subjected to public scrutiny.End users will constantly guess the type of conten t offered by the university. Therefore, quality of content can positively or negatively move on the story of the institution. It is ambitious to carry out atomic number 6% sufferance of FOCI content in the portray of the diverse thematic areas of research and training, and the different approaches and modes of delivering contents. However universities should deform to make the contents applicable to majority of the public. unrivaled of the overt issues is talking to methods for unconnected access which includes off campus accesses.The scope of our study did not carry out assessment on the entanglement infrastructure immaterial the university. But, results from other studies indicate that, it may be sticky to maintain full(prenominal) promote connection in most of places in Kenya in particular the remote areas. Nevertheless, the current Kenya retrogression promises to mitigate the internet connectivity of major towns and increase the internet reach for majority o f citizens. It is also important to set up distributed contents servers or reverberate servers in mixed move of the country curiously in major towns to advance cannonball along of access all over the country.Sustainability of the project has shown important effect on the implementation of FOCI, given the high setup and living cost of implementing. It faculty be problematic to maintain calculate line for open courseware. However, universities which already hand over an breathing and well naturalised online breeding infrastructure can easily and stingily immigrate to FOCI. If the university offers online learning for a umber of years, over time publish materials will be continually meliorate and since online learning is income generating Return-on-Investment will carry been achieved.